*INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE-TROUBLESHOOTING

INTERNAL COMBUSTION

ENGINE TROUBLE SHOOTING

 

The internal combustion (I C) engines

are common in every vehicle. There are numerous

troubles associated with it. Many troubles

 Overcome many troubles by learning properly the

starting and operating the engine. It is

prescribed in the manufacturer catalog.

Experience is the best teacher to sense

the trouble. Take appropriate action to

tackle the trouble.

The procedures for trouble shooting of internal-combustion engines are somewhat similar for both diesel and gasoline engines. Do not overlook major differences. Overcome many problems by inspection. These may not require major repair or overhauling of the engine. Identify troubles from the engine erratic operation. Warning comes from the readings of the various instruments. Successful troubleshooter recognizes the trouble symptoms. He locates the trouble with ease.  Take the corrective action.  Various troubles are mechanical, electrical, chemical, noise and air pollution.   Common problems are

1. Engine starting problems-Engine fails to start

2. Bad Air fuel mixture- Engine do not start the fuel system

3. Lack of compression- No ignition

4. Combustion problems

5. Rusting problems

6. Belt problems

7. Coolant problems

8. Detonation

9. Knocking problem

10. Air Pollution problems

11. Noise problems

12. Stopping problems

13. Battery problems

14. Braking problem

15. Clutch problem

16. Accelerator problem

17. Lubrication problem

18. Air Filter problem

19. Radiator problem

20. Thermostat problem

21. Alignment problem

22. Balancing problem

23. Governor Problem

24. Fuel injection problem

25. Visibility problem

26. Emission problem

27. Lower thermal efficiency

28. Lower volumetric efficiency

29. Leaking problem

30. Sealing Problem

31. Lighting problem

32. Steering problem

33. Gear box problem

34.  Idling not smooth

35. Engine pick up problem

36.  Smoke problem

37.  Overheating problem

    SCAVENGING IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

    Scavenging consists of two steps *intake and exhaust).

    1. 1. pushing out completely exhausted gases out of the cylinder

       2. Intake of fresh charge of air or air/fuel mixture for the next cycle

    DISADVANTAGES OF INCOMPLETE SCAVENGING

    Engine sucks a mixture of exhaust gases and fresh charge in incomplete scavenging. It is not complete fresh charge of clean air. This leads to incomplete combustion of fuel. There is loss of fuel and power. Scavenging is equally important for  diesel and petrol engines  with four and two strokes cycles. It is difficult to achieve in two-stroke engines. The overlap in their suction and exhaust strokes is small. Modify exhaust and inlet layout to achieve complete scavenging. Increase the velocity of fresh charge to push the exhaust gases out.

    TYPES OF SCAVENGING

    1. 1. 1. 1. Loop scavenging / Back flow scavenging

             2. Cross flow scavenging

             3. One directional / Uni flow scavenging

    Loop Scavenging / Back flow scavenging

    In this, the suction and discharge valves are on the same side of the engine cylinder. The fresh charge on entry into the engine cylinder forms a loop and pushes out the exhaust gases.

    Cross flow scavenging

    In cross flow, install suction and exhaust valves on opposite sides of the cylinder. Suction is in cylinder head and the exhaust valve in side wall. Intake is vertical and exhaust is horizontal. It is very common in four stroke engines.

    One directional or Uni-flow scavenging

    In this, inlet and exhaust valves are located on opposite sides of the cylinder. The inlet and exhaust gases move in the same upward direction and exhaust gases completely go out of the cylinder. Used in two stroke diesel engines.

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